Showing 7 results for Taban
Hamid Zahedi, M. Nikooseresht, M. Rahro-Taban,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (8-2007)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Providing better surgical conditions with meticulous control of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is one of the most important factors that affect the success rate in ophthalmic surgery. Clonidine is a selective central α2 agonist with analgesic, antianxiety and sedative effects which makes it a good choice in premedication recently. In this study, we compared the effects of oral clonidine with oral diazepam as premedicants on IOP and hemodynamic stability after injection of succinylcholine and intubation in cataract surgery.
Methods: 109 patients with physical status 1-2 were randomly assigned in 2 groups. The C Group (54 cases) was treated with oral clonidine (3 mic/kg) and the D group (55 cases) was treated with oral diazepam (0.15 mg/kg), 2 hours before induction of anesthesia. Induction of general anesthesia in all patients was performed with sodium thiopental (5mg/kg), fontanel (2mic/kg) & succinylcholine (1.5mg/kg). Heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were measured before and immediately after induction and 5 & 10 minutes after intravenous injection of succinylcholine. Measurements of IOP were performed before and 5 and10 minutes after injection of succinylcholine.
Results: IOPs’ were always lower in C group as compared with D group but the IOP difference between groups was only significant at 5 minutes after succinylcholine injection. Mean arterial blood pressure and pulse rate were lower in C group compared with D group and the most significant difference observed was at the time 5 minutes after succinylcholine injection.
Conclusion: Small doses of oral clonidine as premedicant can effectively reduce the IOP and provide better hemodynamic stability after intravenous injection of succinylcholine and intubation in cataract surgery.
Abbas Pourshahbaz, Mehrdad Eftekhar Ardebili, Behrouz Dolatshahi, Hadi Ranjbar, Mozhgan Taban,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: Gender role, sex-oriented attitudes, behaviors, cognitions, and emotions play an essential role in interpersonal relationships. Along with other factors, marital relationships and satisfaction can also be affected by a person’s gender role. The increased rate of divorce is related to a decrease in marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictor power of gender role conflict on marital satisfaction considering the role of demographic variables (age, income, number of children, and number of family members), marriage-related factors (duration of the marriage, family functioning), and mental health disorder.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Participants were selected from couples who were attending West of Tehran health center. A total of 123 married couples aged 18 to 60 years who did not have mental or other medical disorders were recruited. Data gathering tools were McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD), ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI), a sociodemographic questionnaire, and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Pearson correlation, chi-square, t test, ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc, and linear regression tests were used to analyze the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16, and in all statistical tests, significance level was set at p<0.05.
Results: No significant correlations were observed between marital satisfaction and age, number of family members, duration of the marriage, number of children, and income (p>0.05). The presence of gender role conflict was correlated with lower marital satisfaction. Family functioning, gender role conflict, and presence of psychotic problems were predictors of marital satisfaction (p<0.001, R2=0.419).
Conclusion: Screening couples who applied for divorce due to psychiatric problems and gender role conflict and evaluating their family functioning may have a positive effect on reduction of divorce rate.
Seyyed Hashem Sezavar, Morteza Hassanzadeh, Davood Akhlagh Moayed, Mahmood Tabandeh, Massoud Ghasemi, Seifollah Abdi, Iraj Firoozi, Pejman Golbidi, Marzieh Pourjafari, Negin Taslimi, Ali Asghar Akhlaghi, Mahmoud Hashemian,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: Frequent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) procedures are being performed on a daily basis in Iran. However, no study has been reported on the current PCI practice in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Iran. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in Iranian ACS patients treated with PCI.
Methods: Between February 2017 and July 2017, ACS patients presented to 5 referral hospitals in two major cities of Iran (Tehran and Shiraz) were included in this observational study if aged > 18 years and underwent PCI for ACS during hospitalization; and their clinical and procedural characteristics were collected. All data were entered into SPSS v.21 and descriptive statistics were performed.
Results: Of a total of 314 patients, 228 (73%) were males, 162 (52%) were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and 152 (48%) with Unstable angina/ Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Trans-femoral approach was more often (64%) used for PCI procedures. Stent placement was the most frequent (98%) treatment strategy on PCI, with drug-eluting stent selected in the majority of subjects (98%). The overall rate of PCI success was 95%, with 4.1% PCI-related complications, and 1.6% post-PCI bleeding events. The vast majority of the study patients (99%) were discharged with dual anti-platelet therapy.
Conclusion: In this study, we observed a high level of adherence to the currently accepted guidelines in the current PCI practice on ACS patients in Iran. Also we found our practice is highly in line with the global reduction trend in the PCI-related complications.
Mitra Hakim Shooshtari, Behnam Shariati, Leila Kamalzadeh, Morteza Naserbakht, Batool Tayefi, Mozhgan Taban,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. There is a controversy over the true prevalence of ADHD in Iran, the knowledge of which is crucial for allocating health care resources and identifying research priorities. This is an updated systematic review of the prevalence of ADHD in Iranian children and adolescents.
Methods: For this systematic review, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, IranPsych, IranMedex, Irandoc, Google Scholar, and grey literature were reached for publications between January 1990 and December 2018 that reported prevalence estimates of ADHD in Iran. Parallel independent assessments were conducted. The Quality Assessment Checklist for Prevalence Studies was used to assess the overall quality of studies.
Results: A total of 34 original studies covering 33 621 Iranian children, adolescents, and adults were included. The included studies were mostly conducted on the population of preschool, elementary, middle, and high school-aged children as well as adolescents. Also, 6 studies addressed university students. Prevalence estimates of ADHD reported varied substantially across the studies and offered a range of heterogeneous data.
Conclusion: Overall, making exact comparisons among studies was not easy because the assessment method and the type of sampling could impact prevalence estimates. These factors need to be considered when comparing data from different studies.
Mohsen Shati, Seyede Salehe Mortazavi, Mozhgan Taban, Seyed Kazem Malakouti, Shiva Mehravaran, Ali Norouzi, Nancy A. Pachana,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Despite studies about anxiety in the older adult, the prevalence of anxiety in this age group is not exactly clear, which may be due to the use of tools and criteria that were not born for this age group. One of the instruments designed to assess anxiety in the elderly is the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI). The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-PV) and its short form (GAI-PV-SF) in a sample of older adults in Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 150 community-dwelling and a psychogeriatric sample of 48 adults older than 60 years completed the GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF, the anxiety sub-scale of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Different types of validity and reliability were evaluated for GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF using SPSS and the LISREL software.
Results: Both the GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF exhibited excellent internal consistency (over 80 %) and desirable concurrent validity against GHQ-28 and GDS-15. The optimal cutpoint score to detect current generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was 10/11 and 13/14 for GAI-PV in the community-dwelling and psychogeriatric samples, respectively, and 3/4 for GAI-PV-SF in both study samples. Good test-retest reliability (correlation coefficient: 0.96 and 0.88 for GAI-PV and GAI-PV-SF, respectively) and a single-factor structure were also demonstrated.
Conclusion: Sound psychometric properties of the GAI-PV in both subsamples suggest that the instrument could be used successfully as an accurate screening instrument in the elderly Iranian population.
Mozhgan Taban, Vahid Sadeghi-Firoozabadi, Seyed Kazem Malakouti, Negar Bastani, Marzieh Nojomi, Ehsan Rajabi, Nafee Rasouli,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Identifying suicide risk factors and understanding the variations among different clinical groups can play a crucial role in preventing suicide. The objective of this study is to examine the distinctions in clinical and neuropsychological features among suicidal attempters, who have attempted in the last four weeks.
Methods: The design of the study was a case–control study. This study consisted of 62 participants who were assigned to the suicide attempters group (SA+MDD), non-suicidal depressed group (MDD), and healthy control group (HC). Clinical and neuropsychological evaluations were conducted for all participants. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normality of distribution. To compare the quantitative variables among the three groups, we employed Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Kruskal-Wallis. Post hoc analysis was conducted using Dunnett's test. A correlation analysis was conducted between clinical and neuropsychological variables.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in neuropsychological functions among the three groups except Scaled Score Similarities (P=0.007). However, there were significant mean differences observed across the SA+MDD and HC groups for BHS (P<0.001), SSI (P<0.001), RFL (P<0.001), BPAQ (P=0.037), Anxiety-springer-1 (P<0.001), Anxiety-springer-2 (P<0.001), and BDI (P<0.001). Specifically, this difference was significant just for SSI (P<0.001), and RFL (P<0.001) when comparing the SA+MDD and MDD groups. Some significant correlations were seen between clinical and neuropsychological features among suicide attempters. Among neuropsychological features, Motor screening with BIS (P<0.001), Gambling test with SIS (P=0.04), Digit span with BPAQ (P=0.04), anxiety-springer-1 (P=0.07), and BDI (P=0.005), arithmetic task with SIS (P=0.004), BPAQ (P=0.004), anxiety-springer-1 (P=0.03), and anxiety-springer-2 (P=0.008), block design task with SIS (P=0.002), and BPAQ (P=0.03), Rapid Visual Information with BIS (P=0.01), anxiety-springer-2 (P=0.04), and BDI (P=0.003), digital symbol task with BIS (P=0.02), and BDI (P=0.008), and the Picture Completion task with BHS (P= 0.04), had more negative/positive correlation with clinical features.
Conclusion: Some clinical features such as hopelessness should be deemed serious among individuals with suicide attempt particularly among those who were discharged recently. neuropsychological findings revealed functional disturbances in the frontal, parietal and temporal areas of the subjects who are at risk of suicide attempt. The findings can inform the design and implementation of suicide prevention programs. Targeted interventions can be developed to address the identified risk factors and protective factors associated with suicide, such as increasing reasons for living, improving social connectedness, and building resilience.
Mozhgan Taban, Mehrdad Vosoghi, Sara Nooraeen, Marzieh Nojomi, Nasrin Mesbah, Seyed Kazem Malakouti,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on societies globally, including significant psychological impacts. This study aims to address the research gap by examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and suicidality among Iranian university students, comparing prepandemic and pandemic data.
Methods: The data collection for this cross-national study involved 2 sections: prepandemic data from 11,515 records of new incoming students in 2019 and postpandemic data from 27,743 records of students studying in 2020. The data were merged, resulting in a total of 10,240 students for analysis. The instrument used was the "Iranian Mental Health Scale for Students (IMHS).
The variables were compared before and during the pandemic using the McNemar and paired t tests. Multiple linear regression models assessed determinants of mental health, while logistic regression examined predictors of suicidal ideation during COVID-19. Risk factors and protective factors on students' mental health and suicidal thoughts during the pandemic were investigated.
Results: The mean mental health score of students during the COVID-19 pandemic was slightly higher than before the pandemic (P = 0.001). The number of suicide attempts among students decreased from 23 before the pandemic to 0 during the pandemic. However, the rate of suicidal ideation increased from 10.2% before the pandemic to 16% during the pandemic.
Conclusion: Evaluating the mental health of university students is crucial to identifying potential issues early and providing appropriate interventions. Understanding the effects of the pandemic on this vulnerable population can inform strategies for supporting their well-being during these challenging times.
