Showing 14 results for Attitude
Babak Ghalehbaghi, Navid Mohammadi, Alimohamad Asghari, Alireza Ahmadvand, Yasaman Moradi, Kamran Kamrava, Mir Abolfazl Motiei,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (5-2012)
Abstract
Background: The ministry of health and medical education of Iran and many other countries advice physicians to use this guideline for diagnosis and treatment of acute otitis media (AOM), but there is not any evaluation of effectiveness and obedience of this guideline, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude of pediatricians, the most important group that interfere with these patients in treatment of acute otitis media.
Methods: A total of 120 anonymous surveys were mailed to 120 pediatrician in Tehran (Iran) to evaluate pattern of diagnosis and treatment of AOM in these physicians. Age, gender, place of work, attitude of diagnosis and treatment were asked by anonymous survey.
Results: Sixty-two completed surveys were received, for a response rate of 51%. There was no significant difference between responders in these survey and scenarios, according to sex, age, practice setting, graduation year or the number of AOM patients visiting each month.
Conclusion: Our study seems to add new insights to the previous literature on management of AOM according to guideline. We can assess the impact of guidelines on the usual practice of practitioners in evidencedbased management of AOM.
Maryam Rasoulian, Mina Shirazi, Marzieh Nojomi,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: Primary health care physicians (PHCPs) are the first in the clinic to detect and help victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). Therefore, their attitude and practice toward domestic violence (DV) are important to manage this problem. The aim of current study was to compare the behavior and attitude of PHCPs about DV versus other health risk factors in Tehran, Iran.
Methods : A convenience sample of 220 PHCPs was evaluated. The study was carried out in April 2012. Two self-administered questionnaires were used to identify physicians’ beliefs and behaviors on screening and intervention of DV and other health risk factors. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS, Inc. Chicago, IL).
Results : One hundred and ninety eight questionnaires were analyzed. PHCPs’ mean age was 39.06 (±7.5) years. Participants were just reported 10% screening of regular patients for DV compared with 29% to 48% for other health risk factors. Mean age of PHCPs was not associated with their approach toward the DV. Compared to male physicians, females spared more time for DV victims. Major of physicians (96%) believed that DV is not a private problem and is something that needs to be addressed cautiously.
Conclusion : The results of this study indicated that DV screening occurs less than that of other health risk factors. Attitude of majority of PHCPs was positive for addressing this problem.
Ramin Heshmat, Forouzan Salehi, Mostafa Qorbani, Mahsa Rostami, Gita Shafiee, Zeinab Ahadi, Shayesteh Khosravi, Vahab Rezvani, Farzaneh Sadeghi Ghotbabadi, Maryam Ghaderpanahi, Zahra Abdollahi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Improper nutritional knowledge is one of the most important causes of nutritional problems, which can affect practice and cause more complications. The aim of this study was to assess the association between nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Iranian households with socioeconomic status (SES).
Methods: The study population was 14,136 households (57 clusters of 8 individuals in each province) who lived in urban and rural regions of 31 provinces of Iran. The sample size of the study was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling technique. A structured questionnaire and interview with the qualified person in each family was used to collect data. The questionnaire included demographic, SES and nutritional KAP questions. Using principle component analysis, some variables including household assets, occupation and education level of the heads of the families and respondents and the number of family members were used to construct family SES. The SES was categorized as good, moderate and weak. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables.
Results: The percentage of knowledge about growing up, acquiring energy and being healthy as reasons for eating food was 24.1%, 44.8% and 54.7%, respectively. Only 69.7%, 60.5% and 52.5% of the participants had knowledge of identification of meat and legumes, grain and dairy group, respectively. More than 97% of the participants had a favorable attitude toward importance of nutrition in health. The nutritional knowledge linearly increased with increasing SES. Families with good SES significantly consumed more fruit, vegetable, dairy group, red meat, chicken and poultry, fish and egg while sugar consumption was significantly higher in families with weak SES (p<0.05).
Conclusion: SES can influence the rate of nutritional KAP. Some policies should be considered to increase nutritional KAP especially in lower SES group in the society.
Mahnaz Solhi, Hanieh Jormand, Mahmoudreza Gohari,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Self-medication of slimming supplements has increased, and media advertising has a role in this. The present study aimed at determining the effect of media literacy educational intervention on attitudes about self-medication of slimming supplements among the female students at dormitories of Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a control group, 98 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of test and control. The data collecting instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire about media literacy and attitude on self-medication of slimming pills. Based on the results obtained from the early completion of the questionnaires, an appropriate educational intervention was designed and implemented. Data were analyzed 1 and 3 months after the intervention using the following statistical methods: repeated measurements, Friedman test, Chi square, independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test.
Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores of attitude and dimensions of media literacy were moderate in both groups, and there was no significant difference between them. However, positive correlations were observed among attitude and knowledge (r=0.99, p= 0.001), critical thinking (r= 0.61, p= 0.001), and analysis (r= 0.37, p= 0.009) in the experimental group. The mean scores of attitudes and dimensions of media literacy were found to be significant in both groups 1 and 3 months after the intervention (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Media literacy education was effective in promoting a positive attitude about slimming supplements.
Farbod Ebadifard Azar, Aziz Rezapour, Haleh Mousavi Isfahani, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Khalil Kalavani, Feridun Mahmoudi,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Evidence- Based Medicine (EBM) refers to the ability and skill in the use and integration of the best evidence obtained from repeatable bias-free clinical trials with the patients’ preferences and conditions. Considering this fact that few large-scale studies have been done in this field in Iran, the present study aimed at comprehensively reviewing the status of EBM performance among health care providers in Iranian hospitals.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2014 and 2015. Study participants consisted of 2800 health care providers (physicians, nurses, midwives, and paramedical personnel) in active hospitals in Iran. Data collection tool was a self-made questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was improved by comments of 10 experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using test-retest method (α= 0.85).
Results: The results revealed that only 12.7% and 15.8% of the participants were highly familiar with EBM databases and terminologies, respectively. Most participants believed that EBM-related workshops and practical involvement in EBM-related programs and activities can have a more effect on the improvement of EBM performance. Most participants had a positive view of the EBM. About 47% of the participants reported that their EBM knowledge and skills is high. Among the demographic variables, there were only significant relationships between work experience and attitude, gender and attitudes, and between knowledge and skills (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that holding EBM-related workshops and practical participation in EBP-related programs and activities as well as improving facilities such as manpower, equipment, and access can have a significant effect on improving EBM- related activities.
Zohreh Sohrabi, Hamid Reza Koohestani, Nayereh Baghcheghi, Somayeh Delavari, Zahra Rezaei Shahsavarloo,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Virtual education refers to a variety of teaching-learning methods that are implemented and supported electronically. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of group blogging on the attitude of nursing students towards virtual education.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study in which all fifth-semester nursing students (n=25) were selected and asked to design educational blogs on nursing of respiratory diseases. Attitudes of the participants towards virtual education were measured before and after the intervention.
Results: Pretest and posttest mean±SD were 2.98±1.03 and 3.46±0.68, respectively, showing a significant difference (p<0.05). There were significant differences before and after the intervention in the 2 subscales of importance of virtual education and interest in using virtual environment (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the anxiety of using virtual environment before and after the intervention.
Conclusion: In general, the results revealed that blogging by nursing students could improve students’ attitudes towards virtual education.
Leila Hosseini-Ghavam-Abad, Fariba Asghari, Ali Bandehagh, Sedigheh Najafipour, Shoaleh Bigdeli,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Respecting patients’ privacy is an essential professional responsibility for physicians and other health team members. In this regard, this study investigates medical students’ knowledge and attitude about confidentiality and disclosure of patients’ information.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 160 medical students of Iran University of Medical Sciences participated who were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were gathered using a valid and reliable self-report questionnaire. Student's knowledge and attitude toward medical confidentiality were assessed using self-administered and researcher-made questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for knowledge and attitude levels were 79.7 and 82.2, respectively.
Results: The average of medical students' responses to knowledge and attitude questions were 56.6% (9.6/ 17) and 55.3% (9.4 out of 17), respectively. On average, females had an acceptable attitude about 57.5% of the questions, whereas this was 50.9% for males. On average, females had an acceptable knowledge about 59.5% of the questions, whereas this was 50.6% for males. Therefore, female’s attitudes and knowledge were more correct than their male counterparts (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The low level of knowledge and attitude of medical students towards medical confidentiality indicates that revision of Iranian medical education curriculum to reinforce attention and knowledge of medical students on this issue to render appropriate care to patients is a necessity. Medical students’ knowledge and attitude towards patient’s confidentiality rights is not fulfilling.
Majid Reza Khalajzadeh, Mehrzad Kiani, Fariba Borhani, Shabnam Bazmi, Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Mahmoud Abbasi,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Ethical attitudes and personal values play a significant role in clinical decision-making; however, they have been given limited attention by professionals in laboratory medicine. Studies suggest that individual attitudes are not static and that professionals learn ethical attitudes through a variety of formal and informal learning methods. This study was conducted to investigate changes in the attitudes of clinical laboratory professionals after teaching them ethics and to compare the results among the 3 groups.
Methods: Four topics were selected in the field of medical laboratory ethics as teaching materials. A questionnaire including 22 items was designed and validated. Teaching sessions for the 3 study groups were held. All 65 clinical laboratory participants completed the questionnaire before and after the classes. Paired t test and ANOVA were used to assess differences among groups.
Results: Significant differences were found in the mean scores of ethical attitudes before and after the educational intervention among the lecture-based teaching group (p=0.016), problem-based learning group (p=0.001), and all participants (p=0.004). However, no significant difference was found between the mean scores before and after the intervention in role-playing group (p=0.623).
Conclusion: Teaching by lecturing and problem-based learning was more effective to change ethical attitude of the laboratory professionals than the role-playing method. Thus, we suggest the implementation of teaching ethics using these methods to improve the ethical attitude of clinical laboratory professionals.
Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Dilana Schaafsma, Behzad Karami-Matin, Farzad Jalilian,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is one of the common screening tests for colorectal cancer. This study was designed to determine the socio-cognitive determinants related to FOBT uptake for colorectal cancer screening based on intervention mapping (IM).
Methods: A total of 500 individuals aged over 50 years were randomly selected to participate in this study in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2016. Data were collected by interviews based on a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS16 using bivariate correlation, linear, and logistic regression models.
Results: Of the 500 respondents, 468 (93.6%) signed the consent form and voluntarily participated in the study. Almost 11.1% of the participants had a history of FOBT uptake. Socio-cognitive variables accounted for 38% of the variation in the outcome measure of the intention to uptake FOBT. Perceived self-efficacy (OR = 3.345 & 95% CI: 1.342, 8.339), perceived susceptibility (OR = 2.204& 95% CI: 1.320, 3.680), attitude (OR = 1.674& 95% CI: 1.270, 2.137), and perceived severity (OR = 1.457& 95% CI: 0.954, 2.224) were the strongest predictors of fecal occult blood test uptake.
Conclusion: IM-based analysis of behavior may provide insights to design interventions for modifying individuals’ beliefs about the usefulness of FOBT uptake to prevent colorectal cancer.
Ahmad Tayefi, Abdolreza Pazouki, Kaveh Alavi, Razieh Salehian, Fahimeh Soheilipour, Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a chronic disease that causes several medical and psychiatric complications. There are plenty of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for obesity treatment. Bariatric surgery is one of the most efficient non-pharmacological treatment for morbid obesity; however, several psychological factors affect the success of bariatric surgery. This study aims to evaluate personality characteristics and eating attitude relationship with the success of bariatric surgery.
Methods: This study was carried out on 75 patients with obesity who were candidates of bariatric surgery in the obesity clinic of Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in Tehran. The patients were asked to fill the TCI and EAT-26 questionnaires before and after the surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS-23 applying T-test, Mann-Whitney tests and Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: Seventy-five patients, including 13 men and 62 women, were assessed through this study. The
mean of the BMI of the participants was 44.7 prior to the surgery and 30 after the operation. Personality characteristics and eating attitudes had no significant relationship with the success of bariatric surgery.
Conclusion: Although the eating attitude and personal characteristics of the bariatric surgery candidates before the surgery was not related to the outcome of the surgery, they should be considered in post-operational psychological assessments.
Niloofar Rabiei, Fatemeh Bahreini, Mahnaz Yavangi, Tayebeh Artimani, Nooshin Mohammadpour,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: People's knowledge and attitude play a role in deciding whether or not to use assisted reproductive procedures (ART). There is no information about people's attitudes and awareness about ART in western Iran. Thus, this study was performed to determine the knowledge and attitude of infertile people toward ART.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 124 infertile participants who referred to the in vitro fertilization section of Fatemieh hospital, Hamadan, Iran. To measure the knowledge and attitude of the participants, 2 researcher-made questionnaires were used. Their validity and reliability were confirmed by content validity (eg, content validity index [CVI]; content validity ratio [CVR] ) and the Cronbach alpha, respectively.
Results: The study involved 124 participants, more than half of whom were women (54.8%). The mean of the CVI and the CVR for the attitude questionnaire was 0.76 and 0.79, respectively, and for the knowledge, questionnaire was 0.72 and 0.71, respectively. The Cronbach alpha coefficient obtained for the attitude and knowledge questionnaires was 0.761 and 0.745, respectively. The mean (SD) of the attitude and knowledge of infertile people toward the use of ART was 15.33 ± 2.91 and 9.04 ± 2.92, respectively. The study reported that participants’ age, inhabitation, and job status had a significant effect on their attitude score. Also, the study found that the knowledge score was inversely related to age. The knowledge in those who were unemployed and living in the rural and less than those employed and living in urban areas, respectively.
Conclusion: The 2 questionnaires designed in this study (knowledge and attitude) have the required validity and reliability. As a result, it appears that increasing people's knowledge and improving their attitude, particularly among the elderly, is necessary.
Mohsen Falahati, Azam Biabani, Mohadse Nobarani, Avery Beatty, Mahmood Karimy,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: To significantly reduce the disease and mortality from the novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), a safe and effective vaccine must be widely delivered to the community. However, the availability of a vaccine for COVID-19 does not ensure that individuals will want to be vaccinated. The present study investigated the attitudes, perceived barriers, and benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine, as well as vaccination intentions, among a sample of Iranian adults.
Methods: Demographic data were categorized in this study based on whether or not participants received the vaccine. Drawn from a multistage sampling protocol in 2021, a descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 1350 adults in Saveh, Iran. A survey with 5 different sections inquired about eligible participants’ sociodemographic information, their attitudes, perceived benefits, and barriers, as well as their intentions to get vaccinated for COVID-19. Multiple logistic regression analysis (enter method) was performed to assess factors related to vaccination intent.
Results: The mean age of those who intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (57.9±19.2) was significantly higher than those who did not intend to receive the vaccine (43.4±16.8) (p=0.00). Additionally, married individuals were significantly more likely to receive the vaccine than individuals who were single and/or widowed. Additionally, (n=663) substantially more homemakers and retirees received vaccinations than workers and self-employed individuals (n=481) (p=0.001). Findings revealed that 78% of participants intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Multiple unconditional logistic regression analyses showed that age and marital status, as well as the behavioral variables (attitude odds ratio [OR]=1.73, benefits OR=1.78, and perceived Barriers OR=0.52), had a significant relationship with vaccination intentions (p=0.001).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that to increase intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, public health campaigns and interventions should focus on promoting the benefits of the vaccine, improving the attitudes toward the vaccine, as well as reducing the perceived barriers.
Davood Rasouli, Azam Norouzi, Ghobad Ramezani, Akram Hashemi, Leila Neisani Samani,
Volume 37, Issue 1 (2-2023)
Abstract
Background: Nurses’ and physicians’ collaboration is a precedent for patient care. This study examined attitude change and interprofessional collaboration competencies among medical and nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This study was quantitative cross-sectional. The study tools were two questionnaires, Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Education and IPEC Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies, which were completed by 211 medical and nursing students in online or in-person forms. The collected quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software.
Results: The results showed that nurses and physicians constituted 35.5% and 64.5% of the sample. The results of the independent T-test displayed no statistically significant difference in the mean age of both groups (P = 0.054). There was a statistically significant difference in the participants’ attitudes toward interprofessional learning, and the medical group (46.68) obtained a higher mean score than the nurse group (34.92) (P = 0.001). The two groups with varying mean scores (179.34 for medical students and 131.72 for nursing students) were significantly different in their interpersonal collaboration competencies (P = 0.001). Considering Mauchly’s test, there were statistically significant differences among medical students of varying academic years in their attitudes toward interprofessional education (P < 0.001). Nursing students were also different in their attitudes toward interprofessional education based on their academic years.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the attitude of nursing students towards interprofessional education and interpersonal collaboration competencies should be increased in line with medical students in order to improve the quality of medical and health services.
Zandulla Nakipov, Dinara Kaliyeva, Assiya Turgambayeva, Zakira Kerimbayeva, Zhalgaskali Arystanov, Tanagul Arystanova, Nellya Ivanchenko, Nabil Joseph Awadalla,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: One of the most effective measures to reduce the cost of medicines for both the healthcare system and patients is the use of generic drugs (GDs). The objective of this study was to identify the physicians’ level of knowledge and attitude toward GDs.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted based on a specially designed validated questionnaire of 19 items. The survey was attended by doctors of various specialties working in polyclinics in six regions in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Construct validity was assessed through principal component factor analysis, whereas reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Group differences were assessed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests when comparing two and more than two groups, respectively.
Results: The study involved 450 physicians. Only 260 (57.8%) believed that GDs are bioequivalent to the brand name drug (strongly agree and agree). About 202 (45%) of respondents doubt the effectiveness of GDs, and 144 (32%) assumed that they cause more side effects compared to similar branded drugs. Also, the majority of the respondents 320 (71.2%) felt that branded drugs should be held to higher safety standards than GDs. Approximately 338 (75%) of the physicians positively expressed that both physicians and pharmacists need standardized guidelines for the brand name substitution process. Further, 372 (82.7%) proposed that more information about the safety and efficacy of GD is needed. Also, 326 (72.4%), 314 (88.2%), and 85 (18.9%) of the respondents assumed that patients’ socio-economic factors, trust in manufacturers/suppliers, and bonuses on products respectively influence the prescribing of medicines.
Conclusion: Although the study indicated that physicians in the Republic of Kazakhstan are acknowledging the use of GDs, concerns about the effectiveness and safety of GDs remain high. To enhance the use of GDs, physicians' targeted educational programs on GDs' bioequivalence, safety, and efficacy should be implemented.
