Showing 7 results for Mesenchymal Stem Cell
M Solelmani, H Mozdarani, Aa Pourfathollah, Y Mortazavi, K Alimoghaddam, A Hajifathali, Z Zonobi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (11-2004)
Abstract
Ex vivo expansion of human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) is explored by
several investigators to enhance the repopulating potential of HUCBC. The
proliferation and expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in ex
vivo culture was examined with the goal of generating a suitable clinical protocol for
expanding HSC for patient transplantation. Using primary human mesenchymal
stem cells, we established a serum-free culture system to expand human primitive
progenitors and transplantable stem cells. Non-enriched cord blood CD34+ cells
were cultured on a monolayer of human mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of
tlu-ombopoietin (TPO), flt31flk2 ligand (FL), and/or stem cell factor (SCF),
interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 3 (IL-3) under serum-free conditions. After I or 2
weeks of culture, cells were examined for clonogenic progenitors and percentage of
CD34+ CD38- cells. In the presence of TPO, FL, and SCF, fetal MSC cells
supported more than a 35- and 20-fold expansion of CD34+ cells and colonyforming
units in culture after 1 and 2 weeks of incubation, respectively. In addition,
LTC-IC assay were expanded more than 7- and 16-fold after 1 and 2 weeks of
culture, respectively. UCB-HSC can be expanded in culture to numbers theoretically
adequate for safe, rapid engraftment of adult patients. Additional studies are needed
to establish the functional activity of expanded UCB-HSC. This ex vivo expansion
system should prove valuable in clinical settings in which stromal cells are available
from recipients or stem cell donors.
Achmad Fauzi Kamal, Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo, Errol Untung Hutagalung, Diah Iskandriati, R. Susworo, Nurjati Chaerani Siregar, Achmad Aulia Yusuf, Adang Bachtiar,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background :Delayed :::union:::, non:::union:::, and mechanical failure is still problems encountered in limb salvage surgery (LSS) using extracorporeal irradiation (ECI). This study aimed to determine whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) improve host-graft :::union::: after osteotomy and also increase its mechanical strength.
Methods : Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group I (control) underwent LSS using ECI method with 150 Gy single doses. Similar procedures were applied to other groups. Group II received hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold. Group III received HA scaffold and MSC. Group IV received HA scaffold and rhBMP-2. Group V received HA scaffolds, MSC, and rhBMP-2. Radiograph were taken at week-2, 4, 6, and 8 serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were measured at week-2 and 4. Histopathological evaluation and biomechanical study was done at week-8.
Results : The highest radiological score was found in group IV and V Similar result was obtained in histological score and ultimate bending force. These results were found to be statistically significant. There was no significant difference among groups in serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin level.
Conclusion : Combination of MSC and rhBMP-2 was proven to accelerate :::union::: and improve mechanical strength of ECI autograft.
Ali Bashiri Dezfouli, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah, Jamileh Salar-Amoli, Mohammad Khosravi, Mahin Nikogoftar-Zarif, Mina Yazdi, Tahereh Ali-Esfahani,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin, by aggregating in bone marrow, causes genotoxic effects, and thus reduces the repair ability of cells. The present study was conducted as an in vitro evaluation of age effects on the cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Methods: The MSCs of female BALB/c mice aged 1, 8, and 16 months were separated, characterized, and subsequently evaluated in cellular growth media. After 24 hours, exposure of the MSCs of the 3 groups of mice to doxorubicin (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200 nM) and cytotoxicity were assessed, and the sublethal dose was determined using flow cytometry technique and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay.
Results: The IC50 values determined by flow cytometry for the separated MSCs of 1 young, 8 middle- aged, and 16 old mice were and respectively. Interestingly, the results of these 2 methods in determining cytotoxicity were in agreement, and a concentration of approximately 25 nM was considered to be the shared sublethal dose for different ages.
Conclusion: The results indicated that MSCs of middle-aged mice were more resistant to the toxic effects of the drug. Besides, MSCs separated from the old mice were the most sensitive to chemotherapy and its side effects such as disruptions of cell proliferation and viability. These disruptions can be ascribed to the alteration of function and physiological processes with age. Determining proper concentration of doxorubicin drug to destruct cancerous cells based on age and individual sensitivity can minimize the amount of toxicity.
Fazel Gorjipour, Ladan Hosseini Gohari, Seyed Javad Hajimiresmaiel, Leila Janani, Yousef Moradi, Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Ischemic cardiomyopathies are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Stem cell therapy using amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as a promising cardiac regeneration modality. They have shown great immunological advantage when used in allogeneic or xenogeneic transplantation. The aim of the current study is to accumulate evidence from published preclinical studies on the application of amniotic membrane derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathies including myocardial ischemia and heart failure. The aim is to define if there is enough high-quality current evidence to support starting the use of these cells in clinical trials.
Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched without temporal and language restrictions. Data were extracted from selected studies. The primary outcomes were left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fibrosis. The risk of bias (ROB) assessment was performed using SYRCLE’s ROB tool. After qualitative synthesis, provided that data meets the criteria for quantitative analysis, a meta-analysis was performed using Stata software V12 to investigate the heterogeneity of the data and to get an overall estimate of the effect size of the treatment on each outcome.
Results: On primary search, 438 citations were retrieved. After screening, three studies were selected for quantitative analysis of each of the outcomes LVEF and LV fibrosis. Their administration in acute and chronic MI alleviates heart failure and improves LVEF (SMD=3.56, 95% CI: 2.24-4.87, I-squared=83.1%, p=0.003) and reduces infarct size (SMD= -4.41, 95% CI: (-5.68)-(-3.14), I-squared=79.0%, p=0.009). These observations were achieved in the acute MI model, HF following ischemia due to coronary artery stenosis and coronary artery occlusion with the early restoration of the perfusion.
Conclusion: Present low and medium quality evidence from preclinical studies confirm the efficacy of the AMSCs in the preclinical models of acute MI and HF following ischemia due to coronary artery stenosis and permanent/temporary coronary artery occlusion. High-quality preclinical studies are indicated to bridge the gaps in translation of the current findings of AMSCs research for the treatment of patients with acute and chronic myocardial ischemia and heart failure.
Maryam Kheila, Fazel Gorjipour, Ladan Hosseini Gohari, Masoomeh Sharifi, Nahid Abotaleb,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Currently, stem cell therapy has been proposed as an efficient strategy to prevent or treat myocardial injuries. The current study was conducted to examine cardioprotective effects of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic membrane (hAMSCs) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury and explore its potential mechanisms.
Methods: The hAMSCs were injected intramyocardially in male Wistar rats 28 days after last injection of ISO (170 mg/kg body weight for 4 consecutive days). The echocardiography was performed to confirm induction of myocardial damage and cardiac function 28 days after last injection of ISO and 4 weeks hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction. The expression of apoptotic markers such as Bcl-2, Bax and P53 was evaluated using Western blotting assay. Masson’s trichrome staining was used to determine fibrosis. The cytoarchitecture of myocardial wall and morphology of cells were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.
Results: As compared to ISO group, hAMSCs transplantation after heart failure (HF) induction significantly blunted the increasing of cardiac dimensions and restored ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) parameters (p<0.05). Moreover, hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction increased the expression of antiapoptotic markers such as Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic markers such as P53 and Bax (p<0.05). As compared to ISO group, hAMSCs transplantation after HF induction markedly reduced interstitial myocardial fibrosis and contributed to maintain of normal cytoarchitecture of myocardial wall and morphology of cells.
Conclusion: Collectively, the results of current study suggest that transplantation of hAMSCs confers cardioprotection by targeting ISO‐induced mitochondria‐dependent (intrinsic) pathway of apoptosis.
Mohammad-Reza Kouchakian, Morteza Koruji, Mohammad Najafi, Seyedeh Farzaneh Moniri, Alireza Asgari, Marjan Shariatpanahi, Seyed Akbar Moosavi, Hamid Reza Asgari,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: A wide variety of cytokines are released from human amniotic membrane cells (hAMCs), which can increase the rate of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into the neurons. We studied the effect of Retinoic Acid (RA) on the differentiation rate of human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUMSCs) which were co-cultured with hAMCs.
Methods: In this experimental study, both hUMSCs and hAMCs were isolated from postpartum human umbilical cords and placenta respectively. The expression of mesenchymal (CD73, CD90 and CD105), hematopoietic and endothelial (CD34 and CD45) markers in hUMSCs were confirmed by flow cytometry. The hUMSCs were cultured in four distinct groups: group 1) Control, group 2) Co-culture with hAMCs, group 3) RA treatment and group 4) Co-culture with hAMCs treated by RA. Twelve days after culturing, the expression of NSE, MAP2 and ChAT differentiation genes and their related proteins were examined by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry respectively.
Results: The flow-cytometry analysis indicated increased expression of mesenchymal markers and a low expression of both hematopoietic and endothelial markers (CD73:98.24%, CD90: 97.32%, CD105: 90.75%, CD34: 2.96%, and CD45:1.74%). Moreover, the expression of both NSE and MAP2 markers was increased significantly in all studied groups in comparison to the control group On the other hand, the expression of ChAT had a significant increase in the group 2 and 4 (RA and RA+ co-culture).
Conclusion: RA can be used as an effective inducer to differentiate hUMSCs into cholinergic-like cells, and hAMCs could increase the number of differentiated cells as an effective factor.
Maksim G. Ryabkov, Marfa N. Egorikhina, Nikita A. Koloshein, Kseniya S. Petrova, Mikhail G. Volovik, Nataliya Yu. Orlinskaya, Aleksandra O. Moskovchenko, Irina N. Charykova, Diana Ya. Aleynik, Daria D. Linkova, Igor E. Pogodin, Irina I. Kobyakova, Igor Yu. Arefyev,
Volume 37, Issue 1 (2-2023)
Abstract
Background: The quality of the wound healing at the donor site significantly determines the overall condition of the burn patient, the extent of wound fluid and protein losses, the severity of any systemic in-flammatory reaction, and the intensity of the pain syndrome. It is known that the stromal vas-cular fraction (SVF) has a beneficial effect on the healing of wound defects. This study is aimed at assessing the safety and effectiveness of the application of the SVF of autologous adipose tis-sue to stimulate wound healing of the donor site in patients with burns.
Methods: This placebo-controlled clinical study included 38 patients with third-degree thermal skin burns. The patients underwent liposuction, enzymatic isolation of the SVF, and intradermal injection of the preparation into the wounds in the donor site, followed by tewametry, cutome-try, thermography and biopsy after 12 days. Quantitative indicators were compared using the Mann-Whitney test for unrelated groups and the Wilcoxon test for related groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (RS) was used to assess the correlation
Results: Epithelization of the wounds in all patients was seen over an average area of 88 (84;92) %, there being no significant differences between the actual and the control wound sites for this parameter. Transdermal water loss in the test wound sites was 2 times lower than in the control sites (P = 0.001). The wound donor sites regained their temperature distribution faster than the control sites (P = 0.042). Histological preparations of the skin of the wound sites revealed that their epidermal layer was 19% thicker compared to the controls (P = 0.043). It should be noted that five adverse events related to manipulations in the postoperative period were registered.
Conclusions: Transplantation of SVF autologous adipose tissue into the wound area in most clinical cases proceeded without complications. The area of epithelialization of wound areas af-ter the introduction of SVF did not change, although a significant decrease in transdermal water loss was observed in the wound areas with an improvement in their thermoregulation and an increase in the thickness of the epidermis.
