Showing 7 results for Non-Communicable Diseases
Ali Gholami, Farhad Zamani, Elham Zandian, Masoudreza Sohrabi, Farhad Moradpour, Mansooreh Maadi, Maryam Khazaee-Pool, Abbas Abbasi-Ghahramanloo,
Volume 32, Issue 1 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: Due to the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and lifestyle changes, this study aimed at determining the subclasses of Iranian adults based on body mass index, some NCDs, and status of physical component of quality of life.
Methods: A total of 5207 participants of Amol cohort study were studied in this study. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to determine the best model with the minimum AIC or BIC.
Results: We decided that the 6 latent classes model was the best model. The first class described 35.1% of the participants and was characterized by individuals with no disease status. The sixth class described 0.7% of the individuals and was characterized by individuals exhibiting high probability of body mass index (BMI) equal or more than 25, kidney inadequacy, hypertension, and moderate physical component of quality of life status.
Conclusion: This study showed the pattern of body mass index, chronic diseases, and physical component of quality of life. Our findings demonstrated that some risk factors and non-communicable diseases tend to accumulate in some classes, especially classes 5 and 6, and thus the risk of developing these diseases rises along with increase in their clustering abilities. These results point out the critical importance of designing specific preventive interventional programs for these stratums of individuals.
Bahman Cheraghian, Seyed Jalal Hashemi, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini, Hossein Poustchi, Zahra Rahimi, Sara Sarvandian, Amal Saki Malehi, Meysam Alipour, Sareh Eghtesad, Jafar Fatahiasl, Arash Bayat, Hanieh Raji, Nader Saki,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: The Hoveyzeh cohort study (HCS) is a population-based cohort study that conducted in Hoveyzeh County (South-west Iran). HCS focus on common chronic diseases, disorders and risk factors of NCDs in the Arab ethnicity.
Methods: A total number of 10009 participants (35-70 years old) were recruited in this prospective cohort study from May 2016 to August 2018. The HCS data were gathered by trained interviewer through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Also anthropometric measurements, physical examinations, clinical assessments, ophthalmology evaluation, auditory examinations, respiratory and cardiovascular assessments was conducted by means of standard instruments. Biological samples including blood, urine, hair, and nail collected and stored in the biobank.
Results: The overall participation rate was 82.7%. The prevalence of obesity was 27.4% in males and 47% in females. Cigarette smoking prevalence was 20.9% (40.6 % in men and 7.6 % in women). Prevalence of major non communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, cardiac ischemic, myocardial infarction and stroke was 22.2%, 26.4% 31.9 %, 13.6%, 1.85% and 1.6% respectively.
Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of obesity and smoking in the population of Hoveyzeh and since the important role of these risk factors in development of common non communicable diseases, this issue should be taken into consideration and the necessary interventions in this context must be considered to modify lifestyle. The HCS is the only comprehensive cohort in the region, enabling it to provide valuable evidence about NCDs for a wide geographical area covering millions of people in both Iran and Iraq.
Mehdi Afkar, Parisa Rezanejad Asl, Alireza Mahdavi Hezaveh, Forouzan Akrami, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani, Niloofar Peykari, Moloud Payab, Alireza Moghisi, Elham Yousefi, Mansour Ranjbar, Marzeyeh Soleymani Nejad, Christoph Hamelmann, Slim Slama, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, Bagher Larijani, Alireza Raeisi, Afshin Ostovar,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the provision of non-communicable disease (NCDs) prevention and control services in many countries, and there is a concern that it would lead to long-term complications of the diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the changes in the provisions of selected NCD services before and after the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran’s primary healthcare system.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical retrospective study, the number of eight NCD services provided during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic from Feb 2020 to Dec 2020 were compared with the same period in the previous year using the data from the Iranian integrated electronic health record system (SIB) and also the association between the number of deaths due to COVID-19 and a sample of NCD services were assessed using cross-correlation analysis. The statistical analysis was performed in Stata Software v.14.
Results: The NCD services have decreased by an average of 18.89% compared to the same period in the previous year; this decline was much more severe at the beginning of the epidemic period (up to 75% in some services) and was greater in physician-provided services than in non-physician services. Also, examining the course of the selected services during this period, a gradual compensation was evident after the initial reduction.
Conclusion: The general trend of the selected services of prevention and control of NCDs in the PHC system of Iran within 10 months after the onset of COVID-19 showed a sharp decline and subsequent gradual compensation. Although the process of compensation in some services may be considered somewhat reassuring, in the case of some essential services, more effort and attention to the implementation of programs or compensatory policies seem necessary.
Forouzan Akrami, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani, Alireza Mahdavi Hazaveh, Ali Ghanbari Motlagh, Mehdi Najmi, Mehdi Afkar, Alireza Moghisi, Mansour Ranjbar, Christoph Hamelmann, Alireza Raeisi, Afshin Ostovar,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Given the importance of appropriate response to prevent and manage Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), this study aimed to analyze the state of NCDs services at the level of the PHC system during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine the main strategies.
Methods: In this qualitative study, first, the circulars and guides in Iran's PHC system from the beginning of the pandemic to the end of September 2020 were retrieved manually and by searching the internal websites of the Ministry of Health. All documents about decision-making or governance and coordination mechanisms for the provision of NCDs services were enrolled and analyzed. In the second phase, the status of service delivery for major NCDs was presented in a model, and finally, SWOT analysis was used to analyze the situation and determine the main strategies.
Results: 25 out of 199 circulars and guides were eligible and analyzed. In the crisis phase, most risk assessment, screening, and diagnosis services for NCDs have been suspended, and follow-up and care of patients with major NCDs were done by telephone. In the reopening phase, the general strategies and strategies to increase capacity and provide delayed care were adopted, and the PHC model of the provision of essential services for the major NCDs was developed in low-risk, intermediate and high-risk pandemic conditions. Finally, 16 main strategies were determined with the approach of integrating and focusing on essential services, considering vulnerable groups and the use of E-health technologies.
Conclusion: The results indicate on interruption of NCDs services in the crisis phase while adopting strategies for responding to the pandemic. Revision of the COVID-19 guides with a particular focus on NCDs is recommended.
Motahar Heidari-Beni, Maryam Bemanalizadeh, Ramin Heshmat, Mostafa Qorbani, Roya Kelishadi,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Quarantine restrictions have changed the usual lifestyle habits of children and adolescents. In this review, we summarize how the COVID-19 outbreak changed lifestyle during childhood and discuss potential short- and long-term effects of NCD high-risk behaviors on health outcomes.
Methods: literature search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. All studies that assessed the relationship between COVID-19 outbreak and lifestyle changes were included.
Results: NCD risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time and sedentary behavior, disrupted sleep schedules and sleep quality, as well as mental disorders during COVID19 in childhood, may increase the susceptibility to NCDs in adulthood. These changes in lifestyle behaviors have short and long-term cardio-metabolic and psychological health outcomes. Since it is not clear when COVID-19 is completely controlled, assessment of the interactions between COVID-19 and lifestyle activities in the pediatric age group is critical.
Conclusion: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly influenced all levels of health systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will need to be prioritized even further.
Yasaman Sharifi, Mahbube Ebrahimpur, Moloud Payab, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: The syndemic theory is based on the interaction of two or more epidemics. This phenomenon is important in the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: This pandemic affects all aspects of human life, including the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and so on. This effect may have an impact not only on the management of the underlying NCDs but also on the infection and prognosis of COVID-19. Another aspect of this syndemic is that the health policies in each country have been revolutionized as a result of this pandemic, and the association of COVID-19 with other NCDs necessitates the implementation of new policies to properly manage this syndemic.
Conclusion: In this paper, we review the syndemic theory, how the COVID-19 pandemic could be classified as a syndemic with other NCDs, and how this pandemic changes circumstances for policymakers in any country, particularly the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi,
Volume 37, Issue 1 (2-2023)
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases as a leading cause of death have a surveillance system in most countries. This is disturbed by the emergence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019. In this regard, health system managers at decision-making levels tried to overcome this problem. Therefore, strategies to deal with this issue and bring the surveillance system to an ideal state were proposed and considered.
