Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Sat, Nov 23, 2024
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Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021 |
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Mohebbi E, Rashidian H, Naghibzadeh Tahami A, Haghdoost A A, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Seyyedsalehi M S, et al . Opium use reporting error in case-control studies: neighborhood controls versus hospital visitor controls. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35 (1) :457-463
URL: http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-6755-en.html
URL: http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-6755-en.html
Elham Mohebbi 
, Hamideh Rashidian , Ahmad Naghibzadeh Tahami , Ali Akbar Haghdoost , Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar , Monire Sadat Seyyedsalehi , Abass Rezaianzadeh , Maryam Marzban , Abdolvahab Moradi , Mahin Gholipour , Maryam Hadji , Farin Kamangar , Kazem Zendehdel
, Hamideh Rashidian , Ahmad Naghibzadeh Tahami , Ali Akbar Haghdoost , Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar , Monire Sadat Seyyedsalehi , Abass Rezaianzadeh , Maryam Marzban , Abdolvahab Moradi , Mahin Gholipour , Maryam Hadji , Farin Kamangar , Kazem Zendehdel
Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , kzendeh@sina.tums.ac.ir
Abstract: (1671 Views)
Background: There are relatively scant data to determine whether hospital visitors could serve as a proper source of controls in case-control studies of illicit drug use. The aim of this study was to evaluate using neighborhood versus hospital visitor controls in reporting opium use.
Methods: We used data from 2 independent case-control studies of cancer in Iran. In the first study, controls were selected from neighborhoods of the patients. For the second one, controls were selected from among hospital visitors. In the latter study, hospital visitors were companions of the patients or others visiting the hospital for reasons other than disease treatment. We used stata (version 12; Stata Corp( for all analyses and with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Data from 616 of neighborhood controls and 414 of hospital visitor controls were analyzed. Opium point prevalence among men was significantly higher in hospital visitors than neighborhood controls (43.3% vs 32.2%; P = 0.047), while the prevalence of cigarette smoking was very similar in both control groups (46.3% vs 47.2%; P = .847). Using a logistic regression analysis, in an unadjusted analysis, neighborhood controls were less likely to report opium use in both genders, with (unadjusted OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.59,1). After adjusting for potential confounders, the differences of opium use between the 2 control groups became more pronounced (Adjusted OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.69).
Conclusion: Because of the similarity of reporting cigarette smoking among neighborhood controls but substantially lower reporting of opium use among them, we concluded that neighborhood controls underreport opium use—a sensitive question— and that using neighborhood control biases the findings in case-control studies. Hospital visitor controls may be more appropriate than neighborhood controls for case-control studies of illicit drugs.
Methods: We used data from 2 independent case-control studies of cancer in Iran. In the first study, controls were selected from neighborhoods of the patients. For the second one, controls were selected from among hospital visitors. In the latter study, hospital visitors were companions of the patients or others visiting the hospital for reasons other than disease treatment. We used stata (version 12; Stata Corp( for all analyses and with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Data from 616 of neighborhood controls and 414 of hospital visitor controls were analyzed. Opium point prevalence among men was significantly higher in hospital visitors than neighborhood controls (43.3% vs 32.2%; P = 0.047), while the prevalence of cigarette smoking was very similar in both control groups (46.3% vs 47.2%; P = .847). Using a logistic regression analysis, in an unadjusted analysis, neighborhood controls were less likely to report opium use in both genders, with (unadjusted OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.59,1). After adjusting for potential confounders, the differences of opium use between the 2 control groups became more pronounced (Adjusted OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.69).
Conclusion: Because of the similarity of reporting cigarette smoking among neighborhood controls but substantially lower reporting of opium use among them, we concluded that neighborhood controls underreport opium use—a sensitive question— and that using neighborhood control biases the findings in case-control studies. Hospital visitor controls may be more appropriate than neighborhood controls for case-control studies of illicit drugs.
Keywords: Substance-Related Disorders, Opium, Case-Control Study, Epidemiologic Studies, Cigarette Smoking, Hospital Visitor Control
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Epidemiology
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